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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网
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( Q. `, Q9 h9 ]0 r1 E% ]0 M- [7 W(一) 同义反译法 , D& ^% ?+ P8 @$ q
例子：
* x- o8 o" F- y% [2 `; N3 i3 {, k1. Only three customers remained in the bar. : s6 @$ M: K6 m
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
, ~; s2 a6 z/ i8 V3 _, z2. I'll be here for good this time.
) g9 V2 @9 [5 S4 y9 C这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 1 U/ [9 x8 m3 Q( s8 ?, F, o
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
, D& M3 {* R5 C0 q& v我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 9 c! K4 n9 A; d" Z4 L1 i
4. "Wait, he is serious." 4 @2 K6 y' | D$ Q( B& r$ G
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) , `5 Z! q$ |) \
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
# q7 x# ~ x- T* Z! w# R6 q「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) % q' [2 o8 r6 A5 f% r5 k% I# f
, u9 A6 S+ @* k$ Y" e8 c$ S9 G a) p(二) 删减解释词 ( t, Z; A4 r8 c" h \ {: O
例子：
' T3 r! |0 u$ B+ s: z+ yThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
2 H( V2 B$ v: _2 [+ Vrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a ) c6 X( z3 o' ?9 }& W- n
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. ' R: S* B8 U1 Y! p
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。4 O& S/ H* n7 x8 ~
/ @6 j! P# R+ R" _, e$ H" R, w(三) 短句拆译 2 v K V- o( ]
例子： * d1 e% a* Z3 ]+ l1 L
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
7 C) O2 \! r+ o「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新
F3 M, B/ T* K) m: y例子： # o7 p; n; Q2 R" O! A, \. `! O
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 6 l& W$ X( w, @5 u/ a# ~
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a " b' Q3 V3 z$ `! G1 V
lower.
( t. L- p, [. S! a5 _( c原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 9 \0 \2 Z N0 y. _5 ^# \
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
! N& i2 q6 P) x% K9 B! ?9 s: h: p原词 原译 改译
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! V0 o: u$ g; R( o& e: X$ `4 |7 uwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 . [) J; ^; c0 c7 c; S) B+ J
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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(五) 解释性添词 * H* v7 v: p8 b, r8 y
例子： 7 x$ i* e- ^' l6 |
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have # g, s& m, S3 p* R# A+ o
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
$ u0 K1 I6 l% @2 k( N/ p2 V0 Q9 enever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
1 O1 V7 N" q) M! C- ?4 o9 Eand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. , h: O1 C) P, W- p2 Q
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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2 ~$ e: ]5 \: [(六) 词无定译 # _; d8 Z8 f% p
例子： - L; f* F9 `# J+ y% J
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or , j9 l: n" R. ~( G4 t6 n
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 8 `; d% {2 `: I
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous ' g' e/ S+ A! K: [
conditions. * h" W' o+ h" d* X7 N
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。* |8 J) P# Q4 m- ^
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(七) 精炼译词
9 T, ?1 @+ N8 f w% C) P$ q例子：
$ N2 o9 _) G S* n3 I; O L1 TA new dignity crept into his walk. / b2 D1 ^6 w$ |. s: [7 g8 o
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
! ]. I* H( c5 s+ l b/ O; m; s改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 % H. N) V6 D/ j6 x" m! v
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(八) 删削"When"字 ! P! `( [5 ~$ g
例子：
1 P2 _+ l7 B( |+ P1 X* U1. When he saw me, he was startled. ( q9 [7 R' e) K E& g5 s+ |
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 7 U: N v. d/ u" z8 c9 U
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the . Z8 @/ i9 |! J" X
head, and knocking on them round?"
& ?" P% S/ t6 f. p7 r2 \ q「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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$ Z. k/ V3 _1 V+ @(九) 感叹词的不同译法 - u: Y% A4 o; h" K1 R
例子： 8 W, U8 ^5 b D: k
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
, `) S, F9 m+ w: B2 ~! e8 O G' Zthem!"
7 z0 r2 O5 N. A4 f- ?: @"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
) r; }: m2 T6 m6 P- b# B「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
9 ^6 M" q" ]9 H4 U3 F w+ y「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
5 e* M$ P# {. \8 X2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" & e' ?+ y# p/ }9 u' D
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 0 E- R6 E0 f! d2 n1 X5 {
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
0 {$ }- D p# y"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
) y# f- N7 [4 {keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 0 Q7 \7 a! W) W+ l. a1 P, j# b$ @. N/ ~
jocularly; ... 3 _0 W3 A+ E- T& d% i( p( V
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
/ s( [ a2 H2 \7 Winterval of silence. / Q0 M' o* }9 U8 g1 E' Z
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) : K; W% W% ]. p" T+ ?* R
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... : `0 C7 `9 f( y4 `+ m1 f$ Q& w
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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6 F6 s' L" }& d+ c. ~0 i1 y(十) 顺拆法 8 _/ D" F9 I+ Z7 X
例子：
; y; I* \1 b3 G/ F& n1 J$ yHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue & C. p* D0 a, A }. _% b
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
* p+ Z" G* Z- l( G0 Nsocial and demographic factors. / N, g; h# y4 P# L
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 & P! n6 a4 p- c2 [! f! a: j
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 / F2 B, n$ K9 t8 g4 }, i
例子：
& `4 D: D; ~# `! a4 F2 gTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
/ k9 W1 ]0 [) N( f- ^0 Xfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 8 I( s$ ~5 c# B0 t5 I
supposed conditon. 2 R/ H8 J2 \6 ^8 e. Q: X% p3 Q
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 `) I8 e, m# w9 K
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 ; s- ]' l. Z. p( |" z
例子：
* |. S8 F7 |2 F( `All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
/ p, A& N6 C* R) h* V+ V$ Ceye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
; O# E" m: @7 C& [1 N; cgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
6 z- H2 K2 X( @+ Y, [1 N从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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