[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

Localizer

作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
9 h4 y0 Y! b, U, {
3 [4 s4 e6 Z/ s% m(一) 同义反译法
# i9 {0 Q8 i8 h, e6 H$ N" J例子： ' ]9 y+ R' b" V
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
0 a" }# N" l7 F6 Q( p( {酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
* c$ A( D! N: s  d$ t2. I'll be here for good this time. 1 S* I% L" `- O; T. {8 f0 v8 R
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
; s) `* [! ~% \/ x3 B$ R3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. + j* m) ~7 \4 I( J
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) ( X" S- z' d5 j2 c
4. "Wait, he is serious."
# B- d) m/ L, Y' f「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) ) K: \2 d# {1 x; v8 v. Y+ N4 A& S
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
. c9 J( @* Z0 W6 _0 {3 X. ^$ r「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) 7 L2 t9 y- ~* L
$ M3 }4 _5 y* m4 e( g) V
(二) 删减解释词
6 d0 V7 o$ Q2 ]8 q例子： ! m! D$ ]! R* [- Q$ _+ v
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of   w* L2 t% V8 n( i
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
: [" u1 X4 C0 w! p& aparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. ) X  ^- y* Z2 s5 K) b
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
3 D, i$ Z2 \3 \$ }6 ?- d
2 c- L! t5 l! M/ a0 G- u" K; j4 a8 b(三) 短句拆译 # G/ h- a. C; A: r4 m( F4 G0 _( @, n' o
例子： & `5 D- g2 s" ?* X8 e3 M" V
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
1 b$ y# [! J* B「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 # j9 M! |9 Q4 D) V# [
7 _9 C8 Y/ V, g
(四) 译词推陈出新
1 q& o, f; ^0 R* o9 t# u' k例子： 2 q5 S, U- B, ?
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
+ k+ y+ T" g  P: c2 N+ b1 [doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
8 r6 F1 \3 h) Q) C8 X' qlower. 5 F- i( q5 _4 x( [* S
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 $ h2 `0 f1 v) n/ i7 G
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
+ J: [- W- V* k7 m+ v原词 原译 改译
9 n1 W! l! |0 X2 Z/ r0 A) Y# ^6 a0 ^0 y  ~0 K% A
when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 , o/ u, u1 ^/ `# z. f/ M- b
% ?1 m1 |# P0 j$ A. r% K5 l7 B
act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 % s' ?) |5 U! |7 ?: `8 [( A6 {; n

5 w$ U7 ~8 Y8 W* m5 a% ?, Q& Ta lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 2 j- O  s' L. |( c2 ]) n5 `
. M9 M' Y5 z" Z( x" r& D
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
5 j; w; _6 H3 g5 M" ?$ j' r2 u
  m" Z; G/ i- q2 |& T" h, E  Uin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
9 V- f$ g: K" H( P$ {+ f4 ^* G; `5 M8 B! R; {
(五) 解释性添词 & K8 p9 |$ Y6 r2 j1 ^" |6 Z
例子： : g' g5 s& W$ c
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
7 @2 B; s/ F, s( v; g2 s; Xdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I ) ^/ O* j8 {0 o) }5 I1 r, r
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
% F5 i" ?5 d; R+ v- `2 Z7 kand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. - {8 P1 a5 k% _8 \  W5 h: F! z( m  a
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
* u# c% }% J  S2 d) z+ k
. ~& G2 [7 M1 J/ ~( S6 L(六) 词无定译
* O9 U/ z$ T4 E& w4 o3 Q例子：
  |' R& Y" J) l' `( }It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
* Z6 c, I* S9 Gcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
2 m! m: e# j0 P  ^( q4 Ghe carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
: I; y+ y5 t0 j7 {" Sconditions. 5 I/ k; y8 d, [' k" `
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
) a; H8 ^1 T5 c8 S
7 \8 `( u( V; p' ~- M! H(七) 精炼译词
- r! |% X, {( l$ t- S2 ^例子：
  L( H& x- c0 x  V$ c7 pA new dignity crept into his walk.
: _7 i1 `* j) @( M# Z% h& e; H2 o原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 $ c0 ?3 P: D: t! T
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
9 M( Q; W# T% v; N. o- N
" Q1 ^! B1 p6 i7 g5 ](八) 删削"When"字 8 ^1 L  d9 K- \! C. d# b/ M
例子：
& Z( I6 S% T* A' l% `1. When he saw me, he was startled. 7 U( i. F& ^) [" e
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) : p# ?4 E6 x. X! c
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the : W9 n* p  T# p4 B9 L  o
head, and knocking on them round?"
! u. Y) v) N; `( w/ K0 z9 K# h「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) ! n$ e1 e' h) B! y- q" ^# C
. n  a2 u: @  ^3 A! Y+ v" a
(九) 感叹词的不同译法 3 q& n( `% V, n: ~8 a: J% w
例子： * N1 Z8 L9 F% Q" k7 @9 m
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 7 F: j( W) I5 u3 I
them!" * `4 R% x* `; X; s3 b" U
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." : }& _2 b/ {$ m7 c
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
& Z5 j6 }$ ~- X" M6 `「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 8 y0 f' y+ W" w
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
4 z9 N* ]+ h2 f9 H「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 + _. g: l' G1 T% U  ]
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") 9 L" G. |9 H# F+ C% U4 }0 ~
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
2 b7 ~. P( ~  d* X. \keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
+ w* b  z9 m  {/ a  E! t7 |8 _jocularly; ... 0 q) A7 B) M/ i9 Q* S
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy + ?; S5 t! r, Y6 G
interval of silence.
5 x1 v  K* f8 e  I(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 2 E% b- ~9 J6 A+ I* ~
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
# b& a$ y- F6 x6 k; O. f「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
/ U& v; }4 W6 h! C, {# H7 t6 e, E/ s8 h9 G8 _, w
(十) 顺拆法 9 K! G3 j' U% }1 L/ W' m; M6 m1 d
例子：
; C+ I5 h* @( t& u% }) Q* |His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue   a5 u3 e! N6 I( _
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
; q/ Z: ?! g8 x8 o0 _' Csocial and demographic factors. + c! v. O4 ?+ {1 k
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 # I+ N: e4 e! i) x2 N7 F1 W. m
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
" r5 x" b: x# m# Y" T: K8 t1 R2 K) u2 I' B1 Z) G
(十一) 倒拆法
/ R, u2 C" n9 F9 Q例子：
' }) G( E- i. N9 ]& OTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / " f8 b" q& H; r: T
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 9 [, s. s5 R. r$ ~, n! m8 z; H
supposed conditon.
& L+ Y# {. O' {# J5 h1 u- Z' q3 V要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 * u9 A# X9 E/ r4 J

8 f1 `3 b. D2 m$ X- K  D(十二) 抽词拆句法
5 ]; {4 K) v. L$ N, `例子：   t9 w) z" ], _; L  S
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
6 w/ c$ h* R! P0 h- feye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
$ l2 U- {7 m- Zgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
- k, t/ o7 [3 @3 ~5 ^从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。