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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网
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(一) 同义反译法
+ l7 L: C3 h' Z9 l# @! b7 y例子：
% x# H9 h: w% }5 T- ^1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
: \& ?' z4 ~; v" O! w" W酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
2 ?. O. A! N5 k" z! L6 J; G8 y2. I'll be here for good this time. ' Q; A5 g: N: @0 l: s N
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) ( ]. q( [' r3 m, {- ~" t$ D- U" M
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
+ b; e9 }; p, J我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 7 k. Z9 Q) E$ B9 E: r: ?
4. "Wait, he is serious."
! O6 x5 U. F1 X8 c6 ]「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) , T" |8 h1 h9 L
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
R- d$ a0 Z; V! [「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) 0 O- g: s T0 t6 B/ T( u+ x. b
& z$ U, O: C0 e" H$ o(二) 删减解释词
8 O6 t9 f9 G) J! j- T" Y例子： 6 I" ~& {$ `- j9 P2 F' w8 P, x8 l* K
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of ' q, i7 \ b' F) l& E. k
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a * C2 K; i: d4 ]! ]: Y& A
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
3 N, C3 h+ c, [2 x# Q5 n/ G到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。2 I% b e5 J, X. R3 K" q) l% {2 X4 C
( [/ D$ S% a+ A: I$ @, \' y8 W3 L(三) 短句拆译
4 K% |$ [6 s6 o5 T- N# f8 D* j! V例子：
5 I: W' H$ m& e e4 d" k( g" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." - R; }2 `: k. T4 y
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 ( z: K# O, d/ G5 h; n: n
; `6 n6 F5 { y; R1 }(四) 译词推陈出新
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When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 6 k& Y( G2 w8 [( j. e& U; N
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
* o: j2 f7 I5 H' d1 Y2 slower. 0 C5 d! v9 j7 u& ~+ D
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ' m8 E* h" o2 `- e- p% I
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
9 A# a2 y$ b" c+ ^* M/ |原词 原译 改译 , C4 c! J! Q7 w" _" {+ A2 P
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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0 e! T$ y' u% \! f2 Qa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 ! Q1 w+ b k* J5 A$ J1 |
+ @: T1 B5 X8 i+ bin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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$ p; |, g/ [, |(五) 解释性添词
, P& Y" }! @( Z, a( E: G例子：
% C1 h5 g: K( f( X3 ^& W"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have ( i* ]5 r' P; r& `* i
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
2 X! }/ S/ ~) h% N& snever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
- v# E- d! Z5 ]9 O! S! g: c- Nand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. * r2 _0 ^" q, ]: ]# j+ T
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译 ( P0 d1 ?: I/ O1 j; {& g; w# B
例子：
+ a' ~" }) T$ |" O/ PIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
, c9 p2 U% b% p. h' l, Y3 xcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, % I/ R# g. a/ j* G! q
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
- K2 P7 n2 a9 a* n' qconditions. 2 ?0 h2 e7 u; @, F+ h
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。- Y8 ~$ `/ u& n- Z# ]7 q) g; v% y h
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(七) 精炼译词 , O" T- u: b5 W$ |( _
例子：
$ s1 V# m/ z4 I$ E9 X- hA new dignity crept into his walk.
, t; P5 o2 ~4 F7 Y原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 # _. S5 C( Q* U. j( s4 Z T& }; r' N% N
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 / j% H4 @# P4 {: D4 y# F4 a
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(八) 删削"When"字 / ]! X6 B0 r8 p0 [1 H# @2 d
例子：
8 x; f; j X7 {; V6 e3 s% W1. When he saw me, he was startled. 6 b6 {- {1 G. j
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) , v; b. D3 z5 L
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
?( w% T0 j/ | N. Lhead, and knocking on them round?" + _2 ] k( p/ T: Z
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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$ [# \3 m! Y3 O# _+ v; O/ U! F, T(九) 感叹词的不同译法 , o+ V( O# q" B& f4 o' H; i
例子：
$ E- A; Z! d4 J$ q9 A, S1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
3 S) }6 f/ K' l+ A: g& ?them!"
3 B- T- W" \) ~7 ^2 Q"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
5 V, ]' [% F! d. F" A「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
+ [+ ]2 L/ A3 K% P1 }3 H, }8 |「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
9 {) \+ E* n) d5 P2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
+ x3 o) K0 J! t「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
6 q* H2 b( ~8 }" N3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
8 y" B9 ]/ D7 w. s) H"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to ; j) V8 s8 A. E3 `
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
( X( x4 x/ U) P" ` P0 Mjocularly; ... q1 k* A" q& t7 r3 e: j( Z
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy . E; V$ i4 P {4 `' S5 ?
interval of silence.
! `/ K$ _) ]4 O X9 n+ q(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
- T. h8 O3 x+ V! |1 S3 t「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... ! V. U9 [; S/ p8 I- S
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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/ X. t: r: i" f$ k4 T(十) 顺拆法
* V$ Z5 X5 i' Q7 O; q例子：
, u( Q `$ V0 Z* j- BHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
) Q0 s; p5 R, h+ _. |0 qworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, ' P8 }# S% O. u! A$ g
social and demographic factors.
# Q3 X- _7 i* E原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
( O) _* G% s- }6 e改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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5 K1 i n( L+ ?0 A6 ]8 G( ]: a(十一) 倒拆法
3 B( B$ J2 @: k" x' m+ Y例子：
& S( u" `3 ]; x4 Y, T$ q; PTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / 6 d8 ^# w7 I3 ` _, _1 H
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
/ Y( Y) B9 F( Dsupposed conditon. 0 F' p4 i% h8 ^8 z- U
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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: D% E, S) O% {- u8 [6 p% V(十二) 抽词拆句法
; z% T t }1 T M0 g) ]+ u例子： 5 T% v0 g. c. q% W
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
0 q8 y* C% ~6 y, v1 o; Q+ heye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
4 g. z% G, O0 [8 R/ f2 m6 `growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. y* P7 y/ c8 |4 F
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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