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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网3 Y3 t) e, j$ N! @. w
3 ?1 v% M3 Z) `2 M+ e" Y- d(一) 同义反译法 0 b! O; J$ i9 Q1 S
例子：
0 ^! ~# P$ C9 S3 D( T. E1. Only three customers remained in the bar. . B& E! z" A; ?
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 6 N- h4 S. H9 K& q9 E
2. I'll be here for good this time.
; H4 J4 f3 d) _% N- X这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
3 J4 W x, ^0 |3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. # z% C: r0 F+ W3 X
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
$ Y) X: K0 b/ D+ H4. "Wait, he is serious." / J8 H/ P" ]9 g
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
4 M$ Y2 k3 _+ z5 e- s5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 8 I: h8 G6 E$ D$ M" K5 P2 f
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) m" d" Z, r: r* B w
+ j8 Q. M) L, d) ]4 Z8 E(二) 删减解释词
; f5 M: c2 E8 W# d8 w: ^例子： " {) h' L, a/ V+ W0 K6 H* s
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
: r: m# B. c8 K. l' p \ Rrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a & f: P9 @0 x; ]. I: K( o1 M
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 9 k8 C. P. `- t& @9 w5 ~+ a
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。$ \7 i2 {. E* @! p8 h" X% T4 e
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(三) 短句拆译 ( `0 F+ H* |: ~+ f4 m* w: w8 y
例子：
6 d: A8 F0 k5 M, O" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." # U" ?2 k4 Q5 s, G3 U2 J
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 4 s1 y2 S; k) Q0 [
+ w6 x3 P) R i1 S0 ~$ ^1 s& H5 T
(四) 译词推陈出新 - V* o( W- S6 l D# n; J; _
例子： & B* n* y& r' @4 p, y
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with o3 i3 n4 h2 h J' ~+ D0 G! }
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 3 U3 a( ?) Z. b/ W1 t
lower.
9 b; T( m6 V. l原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
) f7 R# C- _; D, \! X改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ' g1 q/ W7 \; O! H3 ?# D1 V
原词 原译 改译 ) j" f3 t" {& M! [1 F2 u
1 U+ o+ I" N% Z
when 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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2 F/ U: X* N" Q- Q) _; e& hact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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3 }/ V, k& V4 ka lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
. d+ b4 i0 K3 G! X8 r1 r8 z" R7 X. u4 _" d+ P- W. X0 f9 a% y
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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. _6 z8 l. |# ]% `5 f) B. P(五) 解释性添词 8 `$ w5 o. S9 \: v4 u3 F! k: {& D, }
例子：
1 L p Q( p v* H. m5 }1 B* x9 r"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
, p0 ?# x9 n0 o8 S" {done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
% e; o( d7 i9 M" J5 enever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
2 ~: x! P$ V2 B W* n1 P- V! sand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
2 ~7 i: r" c+ |7 r, @「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 $ ?+ C; c; p. M+ N' r0 g1 l$ j
C, K7 \- w O& K(六) 词无定译
% l( w, q# y( d$ w2 a例子：
* x( x J- B5 ], m, w- F2 `It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or + t3 g: i" S$ o: K+ W8 c
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 1 e5 K. c6 r8 o# U
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
0 X6 m# J4 O) y/ G1 c& Mconditions.
4 c' H# M0 M; ^/ [" z& f我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词
. x. t) v3 W7 d- r, l$ O1 s例子：
& M d9 l2 d" X8 n3 E8 HA new dignity crept into his walk.
2 O9 @/ Y8 V; [- ?6 Y! W8 R原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 % i3 g: |3 V5 f, j# c0 d
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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u3 [% ^, h: B) z! @4 ]! H(八) 删削"When"字
$ s" {. B6 L' j B6 [8 l例子：) [! a8 ?( ^$ n5 M& s- D
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
" F2 z/ b( g* N B/ w h他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
- ~6 G* L" H( K4 H! d, ^8 N6 k2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
; Q+ ~7 M6 k' H5 hhead, and knocking on them round?" # h8 U, s5 f" s- E* Y: m
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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* V) K( H9 t! Y Z$ Y(九) 感叹词的不同译法 - S3 B9 _* Z9 L; Q: O) y
例子： " L6 V( b g" C3 W L
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
/ D# S1 m* \! }# Uthem!"
( E% g1 p' S- f3 [- r) S"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
: @6 h! N2 {6 B! S) \ o「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 & C) D8 R! H& k$ Z9 `. ?
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
m9 A/ C3 X' `7 k4 r: n2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
/ j, `, ~. j4 v0 I& U「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
6 _5 P3 h& p& ~0 b3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
) S Z" {3 v& Y8 X"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
( }6 l7 ]# W8 I: r- Z% |keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
" a! ^4 K( V, o8 Y) `5 Zjocularly; ... 3 O& ^1 Y) k/ }! @
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy 8 _5 r+ m0 b5 r% x
interval of silence.
3 v( V9 w9 ]; @7 z0 C(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 6 S" L" B1 ^1 l U, l( l0 h
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
$ _9 h5 H# `5 W! S「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法 ( v% v% J) Y' \. D
例子： B$ ~8 Q5 b# R1 k) g
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue * x% Z) {( G/ z( E4 S2 F
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, - n( f& J3 E/ ^! a
social and demographic factors.
4 n d: _! _& O# V原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
2 |4 D! B: {3 x+ W3 e7 ?改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 & o2 j+ f: h/ L1 `' T$ G* A8 B) i) X
8 d1 H6 X& |5 T: M* Y(十一) 倒拆法
5 ~$ U/ w% h+ A" j3 N" y例子：
" m5 O& F9 J+ Y& q& H* p' F; Z2 QTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / - d- v/ i% ?, E
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his ' R- \4 ~' j3 Y3 p% V
supposed conditon. 0 Q8 @* W$ v# Y' B" e
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 ) l$ Q6 Q) A: Y6 _
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 6 ~1 {2 p7 p. o! R4 _; A) u4 m
例子： # l2 S! V! H' Q( n+ O
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the * a' e" ~1 W5 m% R- D* T& b
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
, {; N+ t$ I1 ~) y8 Ngrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
# h( S k$ h4 g: I1 F' K4 l/ F从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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