[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网  R6 a! t$ Y% d" E

, W5 Y1 G4 M* t& {. v, p9 n9 K6 C/ \(一) 同义反译法
3 ^" y- _2 P* I# W5 ]例子：
/ T# U- [) |4 C. r. k1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
2 ^+ v9 w9 Y6 }% I! F酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 4 G" i$ i; v3 s) S3 @
2. I'll be here for good this time. 2 \( E! f% E' o6 @) \# S) @0 E
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
" q# T3 H3 d/ m( b( h1 T6 P3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
; _! v9 }0 I) _( [& z7 Z0 d! ^+ R我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 5 Z* j1 g5 m1 A$ X1 S" H; p" l- J
4. "Wait, he is serious."
+ J( L7 \1 H3 m( n0 d6 D7 Y, R1 S「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
; E9 g; m) g. E* d  F+ ~5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 9 a, o5 D/ U) V# b; @9 l$ M. d
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) ' w  D& ~9 M: o. ]* v+ R8 G  U

: d, v1 }2 ]# v% Y2 B(二) 删减解释词
* T& L7 B3 j1 E4 C% O3 f4 X例子：
4 x. h- f7 ?$ \0 n7 q4 m  `The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of ; G1 N" \3 U. ~$ Y9 Y# H/ E
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a & g7 ^7 S; o+ K& X7 \
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
: N1 k. B0 K/ ]2 a! B8 }9 Q到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。, f5 Y1 a+ b' [

( J- U; N1 ]7 o+ v, m(三) 短句拆译 5 J  `: z. Q; a  L* N+ }! |2 k
例子： # }' S4 D( Z/ E1 q. A9 g& J/ Z  E
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
2 {+ I+ L2 ^6 W/ I「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新
7 {5 t- p. x6 N- H例子： 2 W% O/ b  w: P2 M
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 8 v# E$ Z9 x" Q7 |- E
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a . M# ?3 Y; H/ D7 u* ^
lower.
2 {( v! n9 J$ C( K% J! b& w2 n原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 * [0 _; B1 p$ p  r8 ~
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 0 R3 L3 {6 ]5 R* M& I& b7 \
原词 原译 改译 # F  T. F8 |5 ?8 R
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 & D  E+ F! T- o  r, T8 V9 j

( t! A; r) [' b! V8 q7 A: g; ^/ i+ Qact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 + _% t& L. k4 E2 s
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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: {! N7 c& r) B, {in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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(五) 解释性添词
: s( }8 r  v# h. s9 Z! |例子： & H% X. N9 s* u& V' }8 Z
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 9 v; T0 U7 |. P$ @: I
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I # V# d) m( @' u9 _$ |7 W
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
# M3 l' x/ _5 B8 G4 band the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. + J) J5 s/ \2 y, M
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译 + g1 o1 ^5 B& u1 T  i
例子：
5 x$ }; a0 ^) sIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or ) C) I; I$ K! z# `# ~9 U
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, ( t7 p: `5 p0 x0 g1 S5 @
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
4 n. Z1 ^. a9 R# `, vconditions.
1 W. E" b8 ]8 ^* ^" K6 F我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。7 n) _/ N3 a0 u, V2 O" A
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(七) 精炼译词 ' d5 E" O! C2 t0 q9 l
例子：
# x2 X: b6 _5 uA new dignity crept into his walk.
1 Z7 y% C. ]' M原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
& q: j, C! c5 n改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 4 J4 V4 A6 H3 Y1 Z: L
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(八) 删削"When"字 $ s+ O  }/ _! f1 Z7 s3 Z4 X
例子：
: p% |0 {( O+ [1 V* Y! F! K1. When he saw me, he was startled. $ r4 ~! D1 w6 @* b7 l7 n2 P
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 4 l8 ~$ p  W' k9 r5 W9 v
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the : J1 i# z0 J4 y
head, and knocking on them round?" + R6 e' r3 B3 a6 s' v  B% ?
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) " c  _) @2 a" p8 d" S

: t/ y8 q& Q" L  b(九) 感叹词的不同译法 * w! O4 h* Q) M3 B) c! E4 Q8 w/ R
例子： . k/ G% [" q: M9 n: K! x: r/ v9 S
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
9 g+ X) g: Y2 K- qthem!"
0 _, L9 y2 {6 s3 K# w"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
) w7 I0 K/ n& B4 O「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 : L$ b7 N, d( f& d7 d* g5 v5 ?* a9 k
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 / a; T9 G3 k, e/ J
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" 4 ^2 T4 y3 U) C& }) r4 [
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
* q; y. d: ?: g4 i/ @3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") & d( I5 d/ L$ B: z5 X6 q
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
, a$ b' M9 W' Z2 {keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
: t% @- H* J: ijocularly; ...
- q7 Y6 @4 c2 g2 V, `. i1 q1 S"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
) P" t3 W9 M' Z5 v& Xinterval of silence. 8 N, _% u1 [8 z6 b: H* U
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ! z' x# Z  y5 D# Y9 r
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
: R. ]1 o: K# a4 C, O5 d. I8 |' }「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法
" l  m! d3 v' G例子：
$ r# E6 n7 J/ _His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
! S4 [4 j5 O9 i1 Vworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, - W: L- b2 A, A7 a; j* J
social and demographic factors.
( w6 j& U# v% A4 q2 [原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 2 W$ H: ?0 b& l0 N7 B) j9 k
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 * g2 A9 ?% P$ D9 R  K7 k2 x
例子：
5 M9 R7 ?! P- B2 c7 d0 t$ nTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
! A- Y7 E. Q( z" Y3 Xfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
" I* M1 t# ]/ L; v5 }supposed conditon.
* j1 F7 g' K( @& u5 Q. h要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 1 u6 t% X* N3 D5 A' K. g

. B' S' ?, f1 S5 r. z. q( [(十二) 抽词拆句法 0 _$ H4 P! Y& b7 [. ]7 T, I
例子： 0 z2 ~: Z  `* z3 v: p- y; o
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the ; p" h0 Y0 j5 V7 e9 I
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of - J& o' z# b+ F  [% c" L
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
  |3 D6 e# o* E9 f- z从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。