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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网4 `: }. @8 f. K: Y/ s: T9 T% }. l* q0 R
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(一) 同义反译法 9 u9 T" Y0 z. k2 o1 R
例子：
* {7 ]) \) k+ z8 d, G1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
- n3 S f7 u S; c) i酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
% L! X) C* i: f5 ]2. I'll be here for good this time. . I) s3 c% Y( I+ c/ q# ]% o
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) # v7 c( V/ d) c2 u
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. : z$ S! R0 W+ Z# Y' K+ ?
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
# X) ~8 m- i8 K$ K4 v+ R4. "Wait, he is serious." % \. Z2 ]# C0 p4 q6 S
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) ) d/ k% o5 E5 ]) ]4 G
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
* r! _7 H" Y/ `5 y q, G0 `' X「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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" P$ r; K1 `3 P3 l6 ] ] j' y! c(二) 删减解释词 / T I- n2 l& @# i% a8 S
例子：
- P" X O2 z; _" b; }, m! cThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
! y# ^8 f% ]) x+ prefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a * k, ]: [; b. w, g4 L
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. % e/ H. y3 j9 P' a6 q4 x. T
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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(三) 短句拆译 ! u* D0 j6 Q, A/ A
例子：
8 |8 \+ P" K/ \4 ?0 K" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." , B! }& U/ o6 X5 f2 l1 {
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新 2 f9 @/ p; ?, z, W" J
例子： 4 p) D3 v- H% e
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
: M# p2 A2 q A" hdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a $ X: {# w: O. |3 U0 z
lower.
$ L. l% o1 b# @; i r原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
2 |; U \+ V% @* ?改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
& ]$ ^# z$ c0 h/ a# j: O" |5 D原词 原译 改译 1 F' n* A2 l! g, D# b, \) V" Y! A
- [. R+ i6 [& swhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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{: |, W+ a; w$ `. Z- {7 L* gact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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" W3 h0 i* H2 ]1 s, Ya lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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9 u8 ?0 z9 Q/ r: P- [# Cordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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- S1 U. F- L% d! t! Z0 Tin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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(五) 解释性添词
# R; J( w* T3 U/ v3 Y例子：
: T% t u( y1 m+ A+ j/ A6 {- d"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
6 s n3 V" K) vdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
+ ^" H6 L1 m2 W7 ^, k' Y! Nnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
, e- l$ V& I7 }; _and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 2 R w% V" ]4 n* g3 s' g' S2 q
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 1 [% R! ~7 y4 @, C% [8 a
' t% @- s: ~) W2 i: t& U, j(六) 词无定译 . h, f1 y7 g$ m5 ~# W: Z% W
例子：
4 b0 s; w" \+ a5 Z3 q/ Q, S lIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or 2 s2 ]! Q* {8 v+ Q7 o! I* b& ^
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
% y$ [( h6 Y6 V- U: Bhe carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous 8 n0 K1 V8 Z5 }
conditions.
. o: }8 y% s7 w5 \+ e5 m9 ?我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词 ' |. h; R. ~) R% K% p0 y8 U3 }
例子： $ L8 E7 Q8 q. q
A new dignity crept into his walk. 1 s9 u J, L. c* L4 @
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 5 S* S4 O& W# Q4 p
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 # n) G# C4 P; P# n! b3 {3 z5 F& [* K
0 N- J. {- P# t; I" ~% f5 Q(八) 删削"When"字 ( M- w3 D+ O7 L$ u4 L! y: O
例子：; T- S2 o& ^' t
1. When he saw me, he was startled. . j/ ]; [4 I+ _& n8 _ a9 G
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
" Z: E; z, G& [& \% U; }2 z y2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the % r6 L4 `: h3 z
head, and knocking on them round?"
/ E& e' g+ i2 i/ c$ F( C$ C「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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9 |2 ~" l: A% l) O' t6 P(九) 感叹词的不同译法 4 O- k' @1 d- s" W0 v! P
例子： # G2 X, X8 ^ m( _. P# }8 m+ N, x
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
+ B3 K* S+ M1 g3 S Q( Q3 gthem!"
# F" e$ S. N8 C. R; J4 ]: G* c$ g7 z9 W"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
% K9 d/ D4 c2 U/ w1 k「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
0 X7 ]' o% m2 c. Q! } n「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 " J3 B! w v8 ?7 p+ V- _
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
8 w% u' o& x( W1 k( B「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
6 S$ I7 U6 @8 d3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
1 J! @4 p& @5 {# K" R( a5 F9 N"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
6 s/ D0 Y8 v% a# a1 Kkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
; V. T. U/ {) A- j4 X, \2 Q4 j9 Djocularly; ... 4 R5 c' r8 T2 M+ ] B2 [$ ~
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
2 d* e4 K1 h* C) `' h1 ?( uinterval of silence. 9 f2 r7 F6 p& I, I
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ( b) |) ?2 b! ^" E6 @; I
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 2 K$ X/ g! Z4 ~# H' t1 n: l
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 ' Q$ x1 V' g$ a t& ?
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(十) 顺拆法 , M: a3 U3 r* s+ j
例子：
$ G R% v9 \2 [$ T' e% a4 pHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
" }: i' ?' W3 a+ i8 o1 F+ Iworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, : K4 R M+ Z6 B. _8 e6 f
social and demographic factors.
$ e) R7 V) j9 Y原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
" U! S: \- S7 F R: L2 g改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 1 S7 |7 e6 J; n; [$ N5 Q
8 A; i2 h; m/ J9 N1 U' ~' ~8 L" q4 ^; v(十一) 倒拆法
7 p0 W8 [/ T d+ g- K# w- N) Z例子：
( H, j6 B1 k% q( E" qTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / " A8 R: a+ t$ u8 [ Q& V
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his : M6 B: b- {+ x' L
supposed conditon.
1 v2 o' m$ o& C要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 ; P7 c' ~6 Y, C4 C/ c+ j0 e
例子： - P1 m, I( W. r0 p) N/ W& |
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the 6 j d9 l( h: R) d: P; n4 V
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of ! ?1 m* r2 k+ o6 b# v8 }; d* x
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
i6 m7 h5 W2 R9 l4 Y: _0 e6 |1 ?从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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