[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

Localizer

作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网6 g$ d/ o; T. T: }  {

* N+ j( y- {0 x(一) 同义反译法
) \" |" E+ H3 q  O9 p  J3 o- ?$ C5 Z例子： * e& E. e# h; f+ l. ^8 ^/ T. K
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
3 ]1 q1 ~* p' v# L  i- y酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) # ?1 l% t. k  a2 g4 T
2. I'll be here for good this time.
; [5 D* c% [. m7 @8 _这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 4 ]' g7 o6 F' x$ z7 S2 N  T
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
% U- ~( u+ E( w- {/ G& m7 y! V1 f  G我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
! d! A' X0 q- n! E2 V9 n4. "Wait, he is serious." 7 d0 |; }& M! Z# s) Y: ~) D7 u
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
# h8 a8 I) ]4 K9 z) f1 V5 K8 o8 C5 Y9 S5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" % H! h) t5 T: L# C. k
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
0 O# g7 c  R% [' |5 G/ x6 S: V  R8 a" D- i7 z
(二) 删减解释词
! i. t* D* T" x( `$ \& c1 m例子：
% S7 {8 V# y* RThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
! ?' p% y( p; v6 xrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a $ B" A* N: U& B/ c
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
7 U. }1 H% l( ]( F3 P, E: G0 p到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
1 _7 I( ?/ X0 }& u& N  Q3 K* [/ F5 ~1 z3 z4 x1 w' u* C6 ]: R
(三) 短句拆译 / G3 e% ^2 d9 B9 {
例子：
: p( P# ?* E, z& S" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 5 k; e: }# f# q# c
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 : t, ?/ ]# D0 Z9 ?% s  O6 c1 t

8 L) L0 T# t& D6 p6 R% z3 w(四) 译词推陈出新
6 C8 H/ ^+ k  h7 O  `例子： ' X: u% h! t! q% C5 Z" l% @* Q
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with - f8 \& R# i0 C* L% V
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 7 H" L% _- I/ i1 b
lower.
( b8 [& F$ F* T! m; `6 h7 h1 R原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 % G. d8 E: r, S+ I5 P# i
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
3 O9 [/ V% L( z$ y! [4 m- R原词 原译 改译
: z% p4 s3 N4 O5 n+ W, K/ q6 ^5 ^" ~% @
5 S1 g- X. ?/ `6 s/ Owhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
- y6 Q2 l7 M5 d) g- V+ f7 }
+ m3 V# ?! A! S; u+ f, m6 D  p; xact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 # J  `3 W0 r2 A5 Z! J8 [
. ^6 z& a# F* s9 ^
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 9 O3 [5 f* Z5 M# Q0 a* `. \# U: l+ m
# {8 S# l5 K$ k0 I  x
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
7 S: C' C+ Y5 u% e# w
% z) }! x3 b+ f2 q0 Cin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
# T' r$ m+ ]: e& J; u
4 J. o2 u, z/ W( _4 ?( F5 V(五) 解释性添词 $ h) b; S* U: G5 d# f7 S9 d* f
例子：
+ w# m2 b+ O/ }6 g2 C# `"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
$ {4 q$ u6 ^; l( v& V4 M1 Odone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 8 Q! l0 e2 \' V# `
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet ) p# N) v/ R5 P, |& y2 ]3 k
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. % v' I6 g- A: [3 n. ~# v; t  k
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
, I+ z3 ?! k% F# n& L/ K
$ J% ~' ]0 r% z# h(六) 词无定译 ) f7 G8 c- j% o  v( R) r# O, c
例子： : I6 E9 A' h3 i) ?7 ?  h
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
+ F6 ]# _/ u0 `civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, + w5 `' X/ R9 {! P, y
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
& R% y: |( @6 uconditions. 3 y- A6 D6 Y4 m% h
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
0 r; ], u& T* V8 F8 o. q5 T8 C6 U1 g  K* u) W
(七) 精炼译词
# B$ `2 l0 Z2 K( O; e例子：
5 M6 Q& L8 e0 t* l! kA new dignity crept into his walk.
1 E  w2 |* s* ~+ {原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 5 t  Y: J/ t6 |" s& s
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
% v3 _: k' z# c1 V: ]6 y
0 A! P7 L* z) I" S5 l0 ~% B(八) 删削"When"字
9 p. C3 X0 Q0 N0 b0 h1 k例子：
- j3 `6 `9 j: v1 A; t1. When he saw me, he was startled. . H' ^0 c$ ]2 o5 m& e
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) * D9 x8 K9 h, U2 B$ |( l
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the 6 b: w4 o. k9 V, x% t. D
head, and knocking on them round?" 5 r; F4 @9 {' {8 f; h
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 1 C9 t3 T. A6 @* }- J, \
+ Q7 R/ C( c2 r. p, v: R
(九) 感叹词的不同译法
9 J, y% y# j7 c1 \  A2 I例子： $ o: b: ^3 r: f. Q
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want : K0 e1 p# g$ K5 U0 a4 q. z# B( G
them!"
. O( g1 a/ n' \7 j0 F% h"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
8 T% g( h6 n- C7 R$ d「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 8 G0 C; Q4 a* P" I4 p. h& z+ I, u
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 ! A( C! k, K2 s4 g/ [2 l: g7 }* a
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
6 r( R+ O7 a1 p* K9 |「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
" F; u; K, a- ~& z& N3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
% q& m5 y% d# h"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to 8 q5 C+ ~( {4 D$ [6 V
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
/ W: W8 G; G# D+ q0 M6 p1 Xjocularly; ... 0 g' n; z1 q# }
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy 1 k+ `* P! h# A3 E7 d
interval of silence.
* O) Y! }- Q* w' [1 U6 G5 h(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 7 g4 T- `3 J1 v* E1 G3 C. K
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... . M3 m2 x: _+ L. v# H  E5 A, K
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
' L# l7 f. R$ O5 k( r' b; A- n! C$ w% Z; c+ R
(十) 顺拆法 - Q% S& F- z1 k& i  K
例子： 3 {5 ]7 j, l+ H) B& ]
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
8 b$ O8 j/ ]' E9 `( d* L  H" {working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, + {2 F+ a5 ^# v' l
social and demographic factors.
, @: O  p" x* r$ M8 ^) i% t原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
1 m' S. S& [: N* m. c0 h8 z8 d) b, M改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 ! z' Y! u0 d" {

% I+ h0 o- m$ N/ H! M  Z7 h8 B(十一) 倒拆法
5 W6 ?- E7 p2 ^例子：
* |: X. m9 [/ @2 t( Y( XTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
7 e# f# a, f5 M; A: r3 |2 Zfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his & ^- t9 G* y, K0 H9 B
supposed conditon.
4 q" L9 {5 b( }. S" T要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 4 m. u1 b$ k) k7 \. z( L9 b1 f
4 v) C) m8 b7 G, p1 H
(十二) 抽词拆句法
, s: R- O8 o8 V8 f+ |例子：
  N5 n% e" R' V( F9 h% [, }All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the ; L) `6 k+ c, N3 G: m# t
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
- {! k+ A3 u# V9 K/ S6 c& Ngrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 3 q* [& Q' D7 m) n
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。