[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
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(一) 同义反译法 . X0 a6 r% N6 B: [
例子：
6 r2 ]( D* g, r; O3 g2 x9 p1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
% t$ i4 k& @& k' e* M/ g酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
; S& k" C+ a" c: ^% p2. I'll be here for good this time. ; \1 K$ m/ H' g+ I, U: ]0 h
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) & B4 _  v/ y+ A" R: a6 D
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
8 I( u; b* b5 ^& L% q, X; @我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
3 v6 z6 J. x/ m. R8 Y# ^/ u4. "Wait, he is serious."
* Q/ ]! t9 n& Z「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
- H$ A* Q# e: `( ^" W  `' U3 T  q- N5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
4 g0 B7 H9 e; h) V/ b7 b5 @, Z「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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(二) 删减解释词 . B* C2 r9 d- G8 J: {2 _0 D
例子： / p1 B9 |9 A: R9 P6 `3 j
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
( z: ?. O: ?6 f  M) w/ V+ [refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
# d  [1 E; I( R9 I" t# U1 ^2 P0 Tparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
; Y, k: f: O1 u8 f. r到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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7 {/ B; @5 }! C- @8 R7 J! l8 s(三) 短句拆译 * n/ @0 j7 g: z! M9 K- _4 ?
例子：
. l$ H, |6 i7 @4 ^" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
+ F$ B: u/ t* a+ T「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新 6 o0 a4 x6 L' J# M, y3 n! v
例子：
+ j$ I4 I! Z& z- C6 d; tWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with ( i0 x+ X  M8 N% I, X# E
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
7 y, M! \/ w" L; M- _, R+ C: y; d0 Ylower. - ~6 ]; D* G/ D) E; w
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ! O" h2 `" o  h( q: |( Y
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ) E! `: u  C, H' q6 L
原词 原译 改译 2 m- ~/ v! J; h1 o2 m  N! l

5 f5 X4 K' F# j; A3 twhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候 ' H1 u' c! Y/ z# N: k
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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3 |! ~( [. z. q6 o8 Q9 V- q1 Qa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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- O: e* |1 {8 N3 ?( @ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了5 d1 ]( T5 O8 K" P! g; ~2 Y9 f! i
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(五) 解释性添词 5 O1 N7 R: S2 i1 g6 o
例子：
5 n4 m  C5 R! d5 u! b/ m* ]2 H"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
# |% v  z7 w) v: Y, i; `# y/ w4 A" ldone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
" v% t# n! w! O, h7 K! ynever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet ) h+ E) A. S$ v
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 1 }0 l6 `( t+ D7 w- j  H; Y
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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6 ^# L+ q! N0 ](六) 词无定译 9 {+ Q! L+ ~4 U0 r
例子：
: c  S) l) e' c2 Z# fIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or # h% Z; h  ]9 p) y3 e% Q, P8 E0 V
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
; j8 x3 O8 H' S' p- z# R3 [he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
0 i$ L& o* C2 q* X+ ^conditions.
8 c: c, N' U. s6 b我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。8 ?3 d1 ^! n2 f+ I7 X  L
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(七) 精炼译词
. c9 v: C( r1 |2 U+ U: R例子：
( l7 K: c' f& ~( d% j2 U; @$ BA new dignity crept into his walk.
) g2 R; w* _# [2 `原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 & |( V6 j/ G0 R: v
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 + U3 ]4 w3 W) K% b# O$ N

% `# H0 M: K" L0 V5 C* e(八) 删削"When"字
5 E' g6 K& J1 P7 p9 R6 B" x& r% ^; P( L5 Y例子：& v1 o& z5 Y/ B& R7 q7 J3 M* w
1. When he saw me, he was startled. ( {3 [- P  S! n, P3 m
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)   h  e+ F! h' ~$ ^  Z4 K  b& V
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the . H+ R6 ^( r* g- K" b  L, \
head, and knocking on them round?" ! _% T, l& M3 H; i! H2 B# C) {0 ?
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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% M1 V/ e0 u( ^/ S+ g+ {& y(九) 感叹词的不同译法
1 }7 I6 ?. C5 m* [; Q% H例子：
& u! u% v, Y( X1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 6 k2 K$ X& R+ H- N9 b; P3 z
them!"
: |# K7 q7 Q: k# r' q$ |- p6 e"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 0 x' k: p; q2 W/ G$ @
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 : C  v0 Z0 K8 w4 o
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 # E0 x; J% K. J3 ~, H3 A. r$ u
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
/ G1 m  ~0 h4 ?1 S# \8 ]「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 & z5 F. ~# U, ~1 Z9 ~& z
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
0 r+ v- j& I$ P! B"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
: c+ _9 a9 j* d) ?keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 7 p- f: `! z" ?( c) E# T- [7 r
jocularly; ... + a. a5 b8 d2 r" |) [" X7 V
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy 7 e$ i, U7 _3 }2 i0 m/ L
interval of silence.
# Z3 ?2 b* w+ l# c(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
! i5 A1 H4 L. G「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 1 r; p8 q; X9 F5 E* Q5 y
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 $ _$ X. V. ]7 }) V. o$ a9 i
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(十) 顺拆法
1 k" u0 N; ^, s+ o- z8 b例子： 7 E( Y8 m' X' [' S  A% x
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 9 L5 V9 u: [9 I7 C0 o
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
' x: N; z  Y# c& Dsocial and demographic factors.
6 t0 o7 |7 B- q# g原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 * \7 t  N0 R1 w4 u; ], Q
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 ; T8 A& X* ?& K& Q6 H" ~/ @
例子：
6 t( |9 A* {4 A$ e% k* E& B. m; C; ^+ ?To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
* Q$ L( c: e: c/ tfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
' u; \' I" J$ \, {! C8 o. c% Bsupposed conditon.
8 v: l$ }; O) O! Y" R. E* E: O* u要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 . z- R9 D0 F1 ^
例子：
; k% R, _  m4 Y7 h2 w. G; JAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the " o1 b( ~% H$ T  @' d" U% P
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
# P! x. W4 O8 ]" wgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 9 w4 O( T" _( M8 u
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。