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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网* ~8 v" @* P f/ ]
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(一) 同义反译法 1 j/ H. a+ c( K
例子：
, k% _$ ^4 f# A2 X8 P& i1. Only three customers remained in the bar. ; k. O/ t9 O# L
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) - m! b( W+ {7 j3 Y: |; U- a
2. I'll be here for good this time.
2 k2 d/ O7 n8 j9 J3 ^( o' r, W这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) t+ x# O- `, X. R
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
! o2 U7 b1 L! ~! |0 |' w1 i我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 1 C3 C- d# p' q& @" t! o4 z
4. "Wait, he is serious."
' M5 ^7 _; V6 C( I% z: X3 c「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
4 v, }- @- Y% v# E3 N; }5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 6 l& r0 M- U! [/ v, [( a
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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(二) 删减解释词
/ H; Z9 |: H4 |2 l/ j8 o* G例子： 0 M) N4 P% M8 P& ]5 w$ c
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of , b. S3 s2 [6 z; f
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a 4 n$ o' G& U" \, E# _% h. y
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. $ ]/ L, j6 U( R& t! m9 n# [! V
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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(三) 短句拆译 ; S( \6 }/ {4 n8 l& T% d+ j
例子： 8 d$ ]$ p/ ^ _! ? y$ ?' ^) H
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
% J( X- E; m' k9 o. a {; `「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新
5 _5 _+ v9 r" C* E例子： - w, F4 \ b6 p0 a- t9 n
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 6 H; l; J6 n7 r$ V9 Y! A4 }
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
+ L: l" U6 f& [4 N' Nlower.
. }5 e* u& N9 U' m0 B# w, h( m原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
% b0 [/ z4 p4 Z3 N改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
) A! O g2 l# l9 P( D1 P/ O t- ]. T原词 原译 改译
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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7 Z# X* ~6 m6 V" X8 i! Gact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 ) ~$ b! Y) W. X6 [
4 G( h L$ s/ F" s! F* F' j. O
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 % @+ N9 o0 @7 B0 _# p1 C
+ _. h' U2 S% W/ d3 ]7 ^2 F$ x! _in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了4 t1 V3 n0 w3 d N+ L. h, g7 \
- N% t) u, f6 _7 i(五) 解释性添词
: P! L* j: u4 z" W- n( q& l4 }0 a例子：
9 i4 Z# K9 M5 l8 M) W: R/ F"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
3 D: o7 E/ U; m) [; E6 p$ Q! N9 x' hdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
6 o d! q6 t' Z G' D1 snever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet + {, D' R. ]5 Q. Z! D# a
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. % S" @- u: I8 F5 u: X
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 ' g' x; ]2 h) ^% I9 U9 y
+ d% T* Z( U; d, Q(六) 词无定译 : D# V. o; h5 u. @
例子：
% a4 U) q( c. F9 vIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or 3 A) e; e8 N) ]1 V: w& p1 c
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, ( m+ _! `1 `) F6 U3 c9 n6 y7 h
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous 7 j# {% j, N. }" b# R
conditions.
* P2 e/ d# o: B6 o; }5 P我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。' f+ X6 H) Y# @1 l6 f8 B z4 w
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(七) 精炼译词 " i6 a$ {5 |# _- F
例子：
4 D1 ^+ \+ [: m. ?. h. C8 SA new dignity crept into his walk. + c# K3 O6 c* H0 @" c9 y% K, \
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
5 ^2 a8 A7 V9 E8 P, P4 E) ^改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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, o) e* V- S) `5 w# ]# r(八) 删削"When"字 * |7 }: H4 N7 D+ \, [
例子：
+ `$ A8 r1 l. z6 j% w1. When he saw me, he was startled.
1 g z' w8 z( d/ v6 ^3 Y他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 5 I" `+ p5 `# j7 z2 z# H7 ~
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the / C+ u4 ~/ f* ] Y% Y' l. |$ o; \
head, and knocking on them round?"
* b5 b5 l7 i' A2 R) t& ^「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) z3 Y: d' L4 n, j4 R" f9 \
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法
0 ?7 D( W2 P* X: }1 @7 D' b例子：
2 F. p) B. G) K9 n t( W1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
# Z9 ~4 I9 v& _them!" 9 N" b6 M; G @# @% B
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
6 t. s% p0 P( u「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
5 S+ \; T1 Q/ B1 f) l「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 7 b4 R/ J+ Y( F- G( j% Q5 I/ B& X* o
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" / s! m+ U! I( u7 R4 }
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
$ g1 [) W2 T" @' n* O e0 @3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") # r: J) r0 K& g; t
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
* K, \' p- K; H7 N+ v0 v: ckeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
" f$ C( o0 Y6 W8 b+ [2 m4 [$ ~) Tjocularly; ...
: w- P0 j; Q4 d( S- Q& i" q5 T"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
2 u- @% L; E8 t. u6 Qinterval of silence. 6 C$ ~0 _9 I, J: C; v4 m( e
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
# s C; l7 `# a* L! p- I+ h( o「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
0 W, {- W1 h% z# ?+ H「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法 4 Y/ ]4 o) e# j# }2 R
例子： 2 }, X* A: |6 H0 a5 Z
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 1 q: q% D5 @2 j. o* L) l
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
7 d( v8 K2 ^8 M3 isocial and demographic factors. + J( O) B" ]# C1 k" l$ V8 m* ]% c
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
9 n! d k" B2 ^ e0 j+ Z改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 4 \4 a7 W4 N! \0 Z( W6 o
例子： 7 r( n/ S5 h3 P. K3 p
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
. \9 g2 F5 o8 _5 `for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 1 N+ @' D; L# O. J" `& R- Z
supposed conditon. 1 y) J) E9 r# |0 n O4 |7 I3 M- ?, N% j8 N
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 + y0 B7 A% K9 ~. o8 u4 h
4 j' b' F! |# f" R(十二) 抽词拆句法
/ Q1 |. v6 e" t9 {9 n! L, N3 |例子： + @2 z+ a: v7 g# Q* c* m
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
. ?- l* T- f: F$ S, @eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of # o8 w0 b8 K" L6 i& Q8 w; m( c
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. k9 K$ N9 X0 C/ R: U- |
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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