作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网 * m' P2 f. }* {3 d. j: S" p( R0 i/ E/ f
(一) 同义反译法 $ Y0 j4 N9 r* n5 A, M) p
例子： $ q. ]2 C$ g* X1. Only three customers remained in the bar. * c/ c& y3 @- g0 Y, t酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) ' A1 r. ?4 Z: w6 [( |2 m) }9 f
2. I'll be here for good this time. $ D- t! F9 q1 c
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) , x& F+ ^* R+ _& {2 L5 V# S3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. $ ^9 p; q ]( u2 S/ T
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) # B- }0 ?" ? R4 x, V. `4. "Wait, he is serious." - L: @* P& L- W1 P) c+ I
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) & `4 B2 S4 U8 h, d# e$ x/ N1 Z
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" " a! c6 q1 b1 T; z( ]' x
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) 3 f( Q# m3 L! I( ]0 h! K1 m( b1 Z
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(二) 删减解释词 " C3 L, t4 }& M# |- H0 P# K
例子： $ s& h! H0 I/ d' `" @% O
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of ( H8 n8 `7 w9 H( p. m9 Arefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a : A5 \ K9 [# S7 Cparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 7 ?6 ?5 ?, H( @+ c6 X5 Z
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。 8 o) F; W+ x3 Z" b" u$ a+ F8 I0 x2 Y$ n- x% S2 O
(三) 短句拆译 8 L% g3 o7 W+ s$ X$ Y' J% h2 U例子： & T7 S( K* V# |+ j# a" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." * G! e+ L2 `( N: O& y「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 ) O/ P: C; V- I1 z/ h1 O+ ~( h- h ; g; N$ B6 {" y% V9 V: a! \ e(四) 译词推陈出新 / o6 h% r. p Z- k4 X ?7 {
例子： 5 s: Q5 T ~, h
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 6 p+ m5 N e/ A! v5 \
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 0 T2 q2 `; `0 [9 ulower. ( a* J @! R' n- o* s5 q& G
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ; U0 J: C W' z0 b, D5 z改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 $ l ~ M& P5 s8 [原词 原译 改译 3 l$ f6 h7 |9 G5 c: m7 s2 a+ D, L _8 Q4 u% e( w
when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 - S k" E' ]2 G2 d& E w$ z% L4 e: @ ; a/ L6 T2 l: r2 P0 pact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 " L4 Z" N: B9 q# {7 X1 _3 d* @: K+ G# A
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 0 H. Y4 o) o7 c k I" j. j& c) N& _* b9 u4 |. S% [/ y* V2 }$ Y" q. O
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 ' s9 F/ l: V+ C2 A+ R ' z5 P5 D% t% Y' S) Sin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了( ]: A+ M1 B/ @* n) S( g$ G
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(五) 解释性添词 * q7 N! t [0 ^8 m例子： ; Z9 x' [, z6 d- f; ~0 _' W
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have ; y; Q" Z1 z1 ?done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I + G( F3 m3 j' Q' F, Enever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet : W2 d4 n3 U2 \+ j7 o6 [
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 9 v: @. e( O4 J0 O/ e" h, \8 i
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 8 {4 S8 m+ J# R% |% L7 P7 R2 d. O$ i/ C9 h
(六) 词无定译 1 c" x& C6 }# e& d
例子： 1 e2 c' V; @2 s+ WIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or j; `2 {" i, u& U( u% e! Gcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 1 p) f# q# t* |+ f& G" G
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous , s$ a$ K0 f" B* @8 Y# G3 \% hconditions. 1 C9 E% S0 w+ T7 i
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。 t* h/ x& v8 ?$ b- w* E, c: T4 \0 \
(七) 精炼译词 r7 a- d, e& M+ m' z; R例子： 8 W: m, i! q5 s A1 X# l9 cA new dignity crept into his walk. 8 _' Q3 J1 `# l原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 & l! C2 Z6 C% _" S, N8 q' W
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 8 I( H7 g# z, b1 s1 N/ J+ f/ T
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(八) 删削"When"字 8 |! v0 x# P) O! p2 A例子：$ f9 }- u) m7 G& J
1. When he saw me, he was startled. . j3 B0 t8 @* H/ x8 _他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 4 ]1 x& i* k+ w9 b/ B' @
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the 7 E3 e" X3 b- ~5 }! ]: Ihead, and knocking on them round?" 9 B% D7 O6 E0 C& _5 X" R
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) ! ^& G7 h( }) q! A$ F
. J6 \: F* C8 d6 ?7 ]1 v(九) 感叹词的不同译法 ' q1 n- e; ]/ X* \: E! U, |
例子： 8 ^, Y& l V/ c; {0 n' T) m4 ~+ h- f- e1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 5 h* l/ m, z/ H/ |9 K* dthem!" " V+ U T- n3 ]% E+ T"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 3 l4 T( n9 V0 d* l) K2 b
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 $ L4 R" w( G& R. S9 c5 Z8 A「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 . R3 Q2 G( o# n- ?- L% }' p! }
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" 6 X- L7 a( o) v2 \「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 , j' X& F' \% V4 `3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") 0 ?7 o' |+ b- o2 F" J
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to 8 ^, F- n4 C2 Q! Okeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, $ X4 h. l+ Q& D3 f1 d. D1 ojocularly; ... 4 t5 m& ?! v- D: g3 p. i: F
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy 5 z7 h- k2 x8 M5 L9 n2 x
interval of silence. % _* t) I# ]! J" F$ O(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 7 }# N y9 d; M. b! E; U- Y E, @ r9 @
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... ; h8 j+ q2 c2 ~. ^! a/ E- g「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 3 x+ X) Y" S+ c# k6 w* q- B R- j % T" v0 x2 P8 Y( {. c(十) 顺拆法 ) p: I1 |2 I. {/ T2 @
例子： ' }% e- [) X4 M& S8 rHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue # m4 C7 a; L8 p, j! G Xworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, . Z% _. V5 p2 f% p. B) n$ h& q1 ~
social and demographic factors. ) p: E; y: ], ^3 Y/ U5 f" j原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 ( W/ x/ j6 ^, ]
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 / {# p# Q) V( i4 {4 x( [- w$ N; K
(十一) 倒拆法 $ |9 w* }) W* Y7 x
例子： 1 e" k( N/ C2 Y) X, _1 G7 Z9 QTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / 8 J# K6 ]. f# p7 S Y+ [9 |2 c7 Pfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 2 x& a; \# V8 v& i2 N3 G8 f
supposed conditon. " {9 A# G0 T+ ^. y O
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 / l L! ~% W8 }( Y # i3 ~# d! T6 S, g: r(十二) 抽词拆句法 7 ^* x7 P$ W: ]$ q- b+ H
例子： 0 ^* E8 w) ?) o' K
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the . \& R b f( \( A$ T# Z
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of $ n: U, {6 j: n, o" c% Cgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. + ?$ S* I' r- `: q. B- m从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
