作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网 4 D; C+ H: o. I1 [ m4 {( {' D/ v6 b/ n6 f. @% @ z(一) 同义反译法 : W' P6 |5 Q1 x% m/ \* v: I) ]. m
例子： * c9 }$ f" u- _0 [1. Only three customers remained in the bar. / } x3 M1 ?2 L: R0 p: o9 [( y
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 2 W) s$ V2 E) h4 Q3 n+ S2. I'll be here for good this time. 5 Y; u, T a& o6 |/ y这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) " z7 X- Q8 D6 n; h, A/ R
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. ! ? n. }5 \& q) O我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 2 K" {8 o/ i/ P+ c' }3 O- z% f& |8 k
4. "Wait, he is serious." . k @ Z7 g$ g. a% [1 u9 Z% e0 R! z「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) 2 h5 V1 S/ x0 S7 ~5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" ; }& [- i/ U$ I! W「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) ; D) N* E# T5 O! o% G
9 u; n9 F+ w4 C. N5 [9 |(二) 删减解释词 # I/ U+ |1 A6 m' r
例子： ) K. }9 E. S6 N5 L& uThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of : ?8 S, A4 S; crefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a % ]# u: O* [1 k% S- Z: ~/ @particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. / l" [6 @6 e; h R, c$ o
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。: d5 S5 O5 R# r
# Z# I2 o0 H0 r$ a6 c- z(三) 短句拆译 & r, \+ p a% J" q例子： & H0 W+ ^* w" h$ O! n4 ~
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." . _5 a( l, |& N% i「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 . Y& V' W# g4 ~( w7 G# [+ ~ & z# k# H! J" b; q7 X(四) 译词推陈出新 # w# w" f* ] n& Y0 h
例子： ( U9 ~5 U5 ]# q6 _7 O- [" GWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with / v/ X4 q5 W6 V( G* ]( I' J& tdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 7 E5 @5 D" [8 e2 q/ L( j/ \lower. ^3 U% D) Y1 Y; U2 @
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ) O' g9 K7 y4 E5 Y% X1 ~2 s改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 8 z2 r# \( @- Z7 J
原词 原译 改译 1 u4 _2 f5 D h5 E" X* u1 ]! @( ~( E0 G6 l+ _9 P
when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 % Y! O. ]1 g! V# D/ B+ a9 \
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 ; `8 i2 F- ~( @ r; `; [& O
$ J- c+ L8 N& e" @- v% ba lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 9 C/ X: D: B b
/ W2 ^2 R8 x& x) m0 pordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 / p4 a U" Y) Q
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了 3 W8 F8 U4 |9 b( N) u: n# b2 ]; A 7 h8 q5 D7 h5 p(五) 解释性添词 6 C* G) U9 O! Q" x$ Y7 } R例子： 5 o" N; F- b' y F
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 4 w3 }; j% H' r! t5 Hdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I : Z. X% K' O$ r, b9 {( E8 S7 C# tnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet 7 M! L9 i# r$ |2 b! O- D) ^% l& y+ oand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. / N0 h W5 e; C' K$ m「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 6 I6 |; \( J5 v7 h7 C! R4 R+ u8 a/ P! m) T2 q3 z
(六) 词无定译 ! G3 H! q, z8 v2 r! f, E例子： ) [1 c8 u* O. \/ s! f& NIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or - E3 q9 H5 x, k, Y- J
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, " r0 \1 n* s& U% N' g
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous 4 h7 W( r* [) F7 j
conditions. 0 v! k! c1 [3 X7 j: ]
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。 / u; u9 b. p2 B 6 a, w) ?- R. y9 ?(七) 精炼译词 % s. V9 P* A( F* T例子： ; ~+ m. x. l' \/ j0 t+ L
A new dignity crept into his walk. 6 f! P! @; o( ^& P2 Y( |" @
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 : l3 q$ C/ o1 w* _/ b/ i6 O
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 ) m4 i1 ^- F( I+ }9 i- Q
! A/ j5 H/ v/ |3 L" c6 Y(八) 删削"When"字 ' b" c) U- ]8 t) c2 D例子：$ I- |) q+ I1 F# B
1. When he saw me, he was startled. 7 \7 k( Y X% N
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) + |& Z7 j5 W/ g& G2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the ' w* R9 z. E/ Xhead, and knocking on them round?" / D' ~! x* |" v8 P8 g3 v0 e「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) # w2 c% s: f3 s9 t, H/ ~
3 u5 W* V2 P/ Q5 \/ B& ~(九) 感叹词的不同译法 % }6 d1 l8 i& A6 w0 ]- l例子： ' X. v$ ^) d- c
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want % T4 F: y. o& O) {4 F, S8 Nthem!" 9 U0 H* Q! W: I0 G) _- f9 d"Why, Eva, your room is full now." # J# U; ?: L9 z8 v/ l8 E6 B
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 * [, g$ S& `% w' K
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 ; v" t. {0 w" T% P2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" % S7 u5 y; o6 A; v" o# L% }
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 " G$ |( G9 W- ~$ z8 A! ~3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") ; l7 A% S" E$ E
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to * l; W, I1 h& H! Y/ T( Z7 c* E& R' Akeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, % I% h' Y4 K! ujocularly; ... + Z+ v5 M0 g. g! O1 @"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy " K' \8 p: |$ C; Dinterval of silence. ' r! ^& o9 _. O U(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) * h r2 g3 D C/ a0 T2 `! M4 C「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... $ B2 t; Z' q8 d9 L" i; N「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 , t" u. d5 [1 B$ P2 c" b) J2 h + q7 [" n8 q$ O0 W5 g, {3 k1 d' k(十) 顺拆法 2 A: T+ }& N7 B; m4 b2 b. I! q
例子： 6 u0 u4 ^& U! I1 [- o) fHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue ) Y+ d1 p$ |$ M+ c( U7 o2 _working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, 3 `" ^3 V+ O5 T! [social and demographic factors. 8 V7 z2 H4 l, }% n6 v ^6 e
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 8 z- V' x1 d$ O: M7 y2 n4 _% U0 K改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 # x4 X L3 M2 v* z4 M ( _. O4 p% S4 q N+ L(十一) 倒拆法 # i* N# Y$ a& g3 e例子： * @! {! t7 R, |0 B o+ TTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / - K0 U; c ~6 a1 y4 Z0 Dfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his ( e: x, G$ Z: u' I$ W2 }" {6 e
supposed conditon. 0 a% a! I; k {1 @- R
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 ! z+ O! _6 p: x) j' t7 E
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 u. K {5 Y. S1 U
例子： * m5 X! @/ L bAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the ' a4 ]+ p9 P5 r# Keye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of - e6 i: J: e8 ?; t& @( s& a* e/ Ggrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 0 R2 x6 p6 z7 h/ k" E2 l8 d
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
