作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网- P3 n* N# _0 W! s' ?2 A: {5 i
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(一) 同义反译法 ) C, [" x4 T; s" _: }( E例子： 3 O- [" [2 r, n. U8 H
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. 6 w9 ~" q$ R' q& H, R0 ?3 }* u5 s酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 0 U! o* u0 y% Y, X/ c; K2. I'll be here for good this time. . K1 i- o+ w+ o) H
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) ' t0 R: k! k+ `0 C2 \) C3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. 3 }$ S3 E+ b2 t& g0 x% z7 N( ^
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 8 _! }1 \% _& ]: ? s4. "Wait, he is serious." ! T, }1 x# _ I# f' Q" H* p
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) . h+ `7 G4 c9 {; n( d
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" ; Q1 H0 t2 U: a「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) % ]+ T3 q+ L' t V( k9 i7 o8 K # F' C2 g+ I# W O& C0 t( P(二) 删减解释词 V$ ^2 c: |; i, K3 h" i例子： $ H" @% W* m H. b( S( u
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 8 C1 x& G! I- i6 O. b; W4 G! X, jrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a : L4 \5 ?7 ]4 K( N# f' mparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. * [6 g$ L* G4 P1 K0 m: p+ q到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。: `) e, B: f0 Y
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(三) 短句拆译 ' S4 n9 a. Z, {& D$ _! @例子： 9 X5 X+ O. N8 ~* @$ @/ x. V
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." # b2 P& H; m v8 i3 h: y$ j# q「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 ' G/ x& I; L. @ Z" ]! M/ h) ]) E- E; h4 W- r) F(四) 译词推陈出新 ) ?+ N1 G' j% p: z2 g& R. d
例子： ! c9 [8 Q! R6 }% J6 l
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with % F& N. }0 Z7 y0 [ qdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a + O. E3 b; J4 T7 H
lower. 9 L9 F0 i% s5 C- a( c1 U! Y/ O/ v
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 - {; B+ |' A, a @: H: K: ?3 h: {
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 5 v' w) v2 J* f3 F5 @0 Y原词 原译 改译 : q# P' b4 k% R' e& D2 n% t( P+ p8 q& R" J( ~9 }0 i9 \
when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 + W7 ]' i& h0 B4 Z4 j& r / A6 a9 q; Q. A# I! o4 qact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 8 q" G; e4 U7 ?8 K
8 b. B$ x1 L, o& C1 Xa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 - @+ v/ V6 d0 b3 g" c 4 W. f5 L& Z) D9 g7 Gordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 & j& X- O8 r/ ^0 H" ~$ D8 u8 } ' V0 X8 Z. k4 u, h& r5 O& Min addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了 % t8 m# b9 Y4 Y3 `1 U6 @, O: \ - m% [ N: t4 y3 e5 b(五) 解释性添词 7 k- |9 A& ]. I2 j% R ~6 }
例子： 9 g' o$ ]3 R" v$ \) ~
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have k6 U' D2 D. h" e; [; l" J
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 0 t5 J! D5 }5 \7 h, v( _
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet % x4 Y' m3 `- l. U8 C- nand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 4 j# n/ s9 |5 X' A' T M「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 + F. h9 ~7 \1 h9 N
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(六) 词无定译 ' E: R2 ]$ ]2 h q例子： . H) o) [# u3 H5 \. t ~It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or $ f- t) g x/ {8 Y" m
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 0 n2 k% Y2 ]: p4 V4 r% ~
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous ' H( r3 d$ X% I2 L+ p3 I" Y1 }conditions. ' e; J: s! }/ y4 g我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。 0 H. b- R" z' @. R ! ^5 _1 i) \- Z& W(七) 精炼译词 ; F/ H& l; C. |; n: w$ n9 D
例子： 1 F# B9 t A0 KA new dignity crept into his walk. & v; _/ g { W: b0 j
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 4 r$ ]5 W' V1 M$ t: C) h5 h
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 / r) G5 w! y+ \4 v9 N$ h1 U, W& P/ q! N# O4 e2 |$ t
(八) 删削"When"字 ! `9 c9 l/ e8 S6 p; X) i
例子： ; `* [1 `9 {' p- e0 d1. When he saw me, he was startled. ( Y+ M7 @* z" k$ P他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 8 \! J+ Q9 v Z9 v& u$ y# v" q
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the L) s6 e: e2 q1 y! C9 _ R! r* Qhead, and knocking on them round?" 8 |& e6 s% r% A: H8 G$ f, H「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) & r9 I6 }+ R7 B' X z# s1 @
$ G& A _) [! Z" y(九) 感叹词的不同译法 2 Z6 \# o0 z) ?. x5 m% f例子： 9 Z+ V' F/ t& @
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want - u' v) {: ~1 s: R" wthem!" ' j" r2 S# z$ q; j3 h' M; x+ H"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 1 x! Z9 N+ X" ~* G8 D4 p5 S「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 / {0 o- v+ |# ]' f. L( }「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 , p* [+ A3 p, y" B$ R# a5 X/ k9 A2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" ! O B' z7 O3 g: y" X, E9 g「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 " i( `. ^% o; A1 U$ u& @1 ?
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") ' V' n H% d! J+ C
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to ' [4 _) \( M* i; Z+ |* Nkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 4 q% z- I8 i& S! ?
jocularly; ... 1 e/ f, ~4 ]; g* ~
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy . C( \ c. ]) \7 E. c3 ~interval of silence. 2 G2 g D" Y) i- ~. c(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ( b" w2 {; E( D「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... & _$ M# ?$ Q I
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 9 @! P. V/ a& z; E* j7 ? 4 f" V; Y; g5 a(十) 顺拆法 4 l& P# b/ |; Q. w) {$ ]* }2 j例子： 8 [- A$ F% z' r: V! ]His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue + c5 q9 Y* d* X! p4 e* h
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, ) O$ ~/ Y( n, t7 tsocial and demographic factors. 9 M. Q# X5 Z# y7 |) G8 ~% A
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 % @9 y9 q6 @& R: x: i9 b
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 / p+ r, U( K$ E* t2 B , Z4 a, b. t; c" X4 d(十一) 倒拆法 ' o' m8 I# a- F# t5 b+ P
例子： 3 B: ^( T* W% A! `5 NTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / ' H4 W8 H3 u- \5 _0 s& q6 lfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his " f/ @1 v9 h+ Q3 J& B* Gsupposed conditon. ( [; S7 @* d8 _- J' _, Y6 m要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 9 J6 Y/ f! [# c. o- G& f6 q6 H v5 ~2 F7 u
(十二) 抽词拆句法 4 E, q' m5 t& i例子： , p) K& b O& f6 S5 K$ r3 Q, Z3 IAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the - e% V$ q: P! y! W$ P4 Beye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of ! L5 J2 m2 m3 T' t& agrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 3 ~% M3 [, z+ i从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
